Book Appointment

What Causes Dry Mouth (Xerostomia)?

What is Dry Mouth (Xerostomia)?

Dry mouth, also called xerostomia, happens when your mouth does not make enough saliva. Saliva helps you chew, swallow, and talk. It also keeps your mouth clean. When you do not have enough saliva, your mouth can feel sticky or dry. This condition can affect anyone, but it is more common as people get older.

Common Causes of Dry Mouth

Many things can lead to dry mouth. Understanding these dry mouth causes can help you find relief. For example, some causes are temporary, while others may need a dentist’s advice for dry mouth.

  • Medications: Many medicines, such as those for allergies, high blood pressure, or depression, can cause dry mouth.
  • Medical conditions: Diabetes, stroke, and some infections can reduce saliva flow.
  • Cancer treatments: Radiation or chemotherapy for head and neck cancers can damage saliva glands.
  • Nerve damage: Injury to the head or neck can affect nerves that help make saliva.
  • Lifestyle habits: Smoking or chewing tobacco can dry out your mouth.
  • Dehydration: Not drinking enough water or losing fluids from fever, sweating, or vomiting can cause dry mouth.

    • Risk Factors

    Some people are more likely to get dry mouth. Knowing these risk factors can help you stay alert. For instance, you may be at higher risk if you:

  • Take several medications daily
  • Are over 65 years old
  • Have certain health problems, like diabetes or autoimmune diseases
  • Smoke or use tobacco products
  • Have had cancer treatment in the head or neck area

    • Symptoms and Complications

    Dry mouth can cause more than just thirst. In fact, xerostomia symptoms can affect your daily life. Look out for these signs:

  • Sticky, dry feeling in the mouth or throat
  • Trouble chewing, swallowing, or speaking
  • Dry or sore throat
  • Cracked lips or mouth sores
  • Bad breath
  • Changes in taste

    • Over time, dry mouth can lead to complications. For example, you may get more cavities or gum disease. You might also have trouble wearing dentures. According to the CDC, untreated dry mouth can harm your oral health.

    When to See a Dentist

    Sometimes, dry mouth is mild and goes away on its own. However, you should see a dentist if:

  • Your dry mouth lasts for more than a few days
  • You have trouble eating, speaking, or swallowing
  • You notice mouth sores, tooth decay, or gum problems
  • Your symptoms are getting worse

    • Early dentist advice for dry mouth can prevent bigger problems. Your dentist can find the cause and suggest the best treatment.

    Prevention and Lifestyle Tips

    There are simple ways to help prevent dry mouth. Even small changes can make a big difference. Here are some tips on how to prevent dry mouth:

  • Drink water often, even if you are not thirsty
  • Chew sugar-free gum or suck on sugar-free candies to boost saliva
  • Avoid drinks with caffeine, alcohol, or lots of sugar
  • Do not smoke or use tobacco products
  • Use a humidifier at night to keep air moist
  • Brush and floss your teeth daily to protect your mouth
  • Ask your doctor if your medicines could be causing dry mouth

    • For those seeking dry mouth treatment in your area, a local dentist can offer more advice and care options.

    In summary, dry mouth (xerostomia) can have many causes and risk factors. But with the right steps, you can manage symptoms and protect your oral health. Consult your dentist for personalized advice on managing dry mouth.